What do power consumption, installed power and installed capacity of a glass tempering furnace mean?

Power consumption of the glass tempering furnace refers to the amount of electric energy consumed in the process of tempering certain quantity of glass. The measuring unit commonly used is the kilowatt hour (KWh). And the quantity of glass depends on the table size of the glass tempering furnace (i.e. loading capacity), type and thickness of the glass. For instance, 4 KWh of power consumption of a glass tempering furnace means that it takes 4 KWh of electricity to temper 1 m² of 5 mm thick clear glass.

The installed power of a glass tempering furnace refers to the sum of the powers of all electrical components that comprise the electric section of the tempering furnace. The value of installed power is not related to the amount of power consumption of a tempering furnace. It’s measured in kilowatt (KW). For example: The installed power of a tempering furnace’s heating section is the productivity of this tempering furnace at its full capacity. The installed power of a tempering furnace should match its installed capacity. E.g.: LD-A2436 glass tempering furnace has 800KW installed power. If its installed capacity is 800KVA, it is appropriate to be equipped with a 800KVA transformer. Smaller transformer will lead to a reduction of its expected capacity while an oversized transformer will increase costs and waste resources.

Installed capacity of a tempered glass machine refers to the size of the transformer recommended by the manufacturer to the customers. It’s measured in kilovolt ampere (KVA). Suppose a LD-A2436 radiation tempering furnace has the installed capacity of 800 KVA, the continuous production capacity for tempering 5 mm clear glass is 15 batches/hour at 65% loadage. To lower the installed capacity of a glass tempering machine or to have a smaller transformer, you have to reduce its loading capacity or its production efficiency. Therefore, in order to meet a glass tempering machine’s desired productivity, quality standard, and power consumption, it is essential to select the right transformer and provide the proper installed capacity.

What do power consumption, installed power and installed capacity of a glass tempering furnace mean?

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How many heating modes are available for glass tempering Furnaces?

1. Thermal conduction - heat is transferred to the glass through physical contact of lower surface of the glass and the ceramic rollers in the glass tempering furnace. During the heating process, it is critical to maintain the temperature stability on the ceramic rollers. When customers are going to buy glass tempering furnaces, they shall pay special attention on certain technical specifications such as whether the ceramic roller temperature is adjustable, or if each and every spot on a roller maintains a constant temperature.

2. Thermal radiation - the heating elements in the glass tempering furnace transfers heat to the glass through thermal radiation. To precisely control the thermal radiation is the key technology that ensures the even heating. However, as the Low-E surface coating of the glass reflects radiation heat in different degrees, maintaining the precision of temperature control for low-E glass has been a big challenge.

3. Convection - heat is transferred to the glass through forced convection of heated air in the glass tempering furnace. Regardless the type of glass under process, heated air molecules will transfer heat to the glass through forced convection. Because of that, convection heating is effective for all types of glass with heating rate faster than thermal radiation method.

How many heating modes are available for glass tempering Furnaces?

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Currently, how many high-end Low-E glass brands are there around the world?

Currently, how many high-end Low-E glass brands are there around the world?

Answer:

The world’s leading high-end Low-E glass products include:

Cool-lite and Planitherm series by Saint-Gobain Glass in France;

Pilkington Optitherm series;

Stopray series by AGC in Japan;

ClimaGuard series by Guardian in U.S.;

Solarban series by PPG of U.S.;

These are all high-end Low-E glass products that require glass tempering furnace with convection technology to temper. When a customer needs to temper a certain amount of high-end Low-E glass, the ordinary radiation glass tempering furnaces often cannot meet the requirements for processing Low-E glass due to the heat reflection of Low-E coating. In that case, the glass tempering furnace using forced convection heating technology will be preferred.  For example, in Korean, where the market is dominated by French Saint-Gobain’s Cool-lite series Low-E glass products, most glass processing companies, especially the distributors of Saint-Gobain in Korea will pick forced convection glass tempering furnace as their first choice.

Currently, how many high-end Low-E glass brands are there around the world?

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Introduction to Architectural Glass Used on Doors and Windows

Architectural tempered glass is made of sheet glass tempered in glass tempering furnace. When glass is quenched in tempering section after being heated in tempering furnace to 650oC, the internal molecular structure of the glass gets rearranged to create powerful even compressive stress on the surface and tensile stress inside. The glass undergone such process is called tempered glass. Tempered glass is typically several times the mechanical strength of regular float glass.

Low-emissivity coated glass

Low-emissivity coated glass is also called Low-E glass. Depending on the silver coating or other low-emissivity metallic oxide film applied to the surface, glass takes on different colors. The main purpose of the coating is to reduce the U-value of the glass while selectively lowering the shading coefficient for improved performance in energy efficiency. Feature highlights: Directly reflecting far-infrared radiation with high IR reflection rate; Low-emissivity surface, absorbing limited external energy and radiating even less heat; wide range shading coefficient (Sc) allowing adjustment of sunlight transmittance in accordance to the needs in different areas.

Heat reflective coated glass  

Heat reflective coated glass is a glass product with its surface coated by a very thin reflective film usually made from two or more layers of metal or metallic oxide through vacuum magnetron sputtering process. It reduces energy consumption of air-conditioner by limiting visible light transmittance and keeping solar radiation out. The metal or metallic oxide layer gives the glass a colorful appearance, providing options to architectural possibilities. The coating intends to lower the shading coefficient of the glass and limit the direct solar radiation penetration. The heat reflective coating does not have noticeable effect on far-infrared rays to improve U-value.  Heat reflective coated glass is tempered in Jet Convection glass tempering furnace.

LandGlass is high-tech corporation specialized in developing, manufacturing, and marketing glass tempering furnaces, including jet convection glass tempering furnace, gas heating glass tempering furnace, and bent glass tempering furnace. Under the guidance of LandGlass’ principle in integrity, quality, innovation, and service, the company is committed to providing its customers the world leading glass tempering equipment of various types that allow them to challenge themselves and succeed.

Introduction to Architectural Glass Used on Doors and Windows

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Areas in a Building Where Tempered Glass Is Required

When using glass as one of the construction materials, the following areas of a building are required to use tempered safety glass:

I. Outward opening windows for buildings with seven or more stores;

II. Total area of window glass is greater than 1.5m2, or the bottom edge is less than 500mm above finished floor;

III. Curtain wall (other than full glass curtain wall); 

IV. Sloped glazing, various types of glass roofing (including sunroof, skylight, etc.), drop ceilings;

V. Sightseeing elevator and its glass cube;

VI. Indoor partition, shower enclosure and screen;

VII. Glass side panels for staircase, balcony, platform or corridor, and courtyard;

VIII. Glass floor for pedestrians;

IX. Observation windows for aquarium and swimming pool;

X. Entrances and hallways in public buildings;

XI. Areas vulnerable to impact that may lead to injury.  

NOTE: Single pane semi-tempered glass (heat-strengthened glass) and wired glass are not considered as safety glass. Item XI refers to areas specified in JGJ113 of "Technical Specification for Application of Architectural Glass” and JGJ102 of “Technical Code for Glass Curtain Wall Engineering”.

Areas in a Building Where Tempered Glass Is Required

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Structure and Features of Horizontal Glass Tempering Furnace

Horizontal roller track glass tempering furnace adopts state-of-the-art automatic control technology, perfect for producing 3-19 mm tempered glass used in architecture and furniture, aviation, shipbuilding, locomotive, automobiles, appliance and solar energy industries. Horizontal roller track glass tempering furnace consists of following modules: loading table, heating section, cooling section, unloading table, high pressure centrifugal blower, air pipeline, electric control cabinet, and operation station.

Horizontal roller track glass tempering furnace features: the gearboxes connecting each section of the unit are built on variable frequency technology with motorized travel in adjustable speed; operation is completed automatically under the control system consisting industrial computers and PLC units; auto adjustment to air supply pressure, motorized air grid, powered airflow balancing, automatic chiller blast gates; simple and reliable chain drive transporting mechanism for loading and unloading tables, one touch step motor feeding with feeding length set by an automatic measuring device that detects the size of the glass and calculates the cycling time of glass in the heating chamber and cooling zone.  Heat-resistant, high surface quality quartz ceramic rollers are used on the conveyor inside the furnace chamber to ensure the quality of glass.

O-ring belt and synchronous link gear drive the conveyor with increased precision and reduced impact of gear vibration on ceramic rollers, eliminating off center running and minimizing scratches caused by misalignment.   Convection tempering furnace uses JetConvection heating technology. Equipped with a top-mount dedicated AirStream blower and internal convection chamber with high performance heating element, the heat is distributed evenly in the multi-section furnace; the heating element features low surface power, excellent thermal performance, vibration resistance, and improved life.

Both chillers, one on top and one at the bottom, are connected to the air distribution center. Smart control system optimizes the blowing result by automatically adjusting the distance between the chillers and glass based on glass thickness for added strength and uniformity of the tempered glass. All parameters can be preset and changed during the process via the user-friendly interface. The process parameters for glass of various thickness are simply entered, saved and retrieved as purchase orders. 

Structure and Features of Horizontal Glass Tempering Furnace

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Identifying Tempered Glass by Stress Lines

1、Basis of Analysis

Due to the uneven stress distribution in the glass during its tempering process, tempered glass can be easily identified by its stress lines on the surface using strengthened glass detector. 

2、Process of Analysis

Place the strengthened glass detector against the glass to be tested. If possible, allow a dark background (preferably black) behind the glass for easy observation.  Turn the detecting meter on and look through the viewing window for the reflection of light. You will see a column of light reflection for each surface area you inspect.

Single pane glass will show two columns of light reflection.  Slide the meter across the glass surface and pay close attention to changes in color of the columns.  If the color in column 2 changes to a color different from column 1, a stress line is detected and the glass is tempered. If the neither column changes color or both columns change their color together, the glass is not tempered.

Double-pane insulating glass will show four columns of light reflection in the viewing window in the order with column 1 on the right most side. Column 1 and 2 are the light reflection in the pane with which your detector has contact.  Column 3 and 4 are for the second pane.

3、Applicability and Limitations

(1)Applicability: This method can easily detect if the glass is tempered. It is especially convenient for double pane Insulating glass. Meanwhile, since the test is not destructive, this method has wide range of applications in the field. 

(2)Limitations: The detector has to have direct contact against the glass surface which may be difficult for areas not easily accessible.

Identifying Tempered Glass by Stress Lines

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Identifying Tempered Glass by Stress Marks

1、Basis of Analysis

Due to the uneven stress distribution in the glass during its tempering process, it shows obvious anisotropic properties.  The existence of uneven stress will cause double refraction.  This phenomenon can be observed under polariscope.  Apply polarized light on a piece of tempered glass.  When the two beams of light from one spot interfere with the light from another spot, you will observe the change of colors and brightness in different areas on the surface. It's known as stress mark. Tempered glass always has stress marks.

When the visible light band of the natural light applied on tempered glass is reflected in a certain angle, part of the light gets polarized.  Part of the light transmitted through the glass is also polarized. Both reflected and refracted light are partially polarized.  According to Brewster’s Law, the reflected light is polarized only when the light of incidence is at a specific angle or Brewster’s angle. The stress marks are the most visible when the angle of incidence is at approximately 56 degree.

2、Process of Analysis

Put the glass to be tested under certain light condition.  Observe at an incident angle of 56 degree or with polarized glasses to see irregular bands or spots of stress marks on the glass surface.  Regular glass doesn’t have this phenomenon.

3、Applicability and Limitations

(1)Applicability: Observing stress mark is a non-destructive testing method.  It has a wide range of practical applications.

(2)Limitations: In the absence of polarizer or polarized glasses, the intensity of the light depends on the weather and the incident angle of natural light, making it difficult to see the marks. 

Identifying Tempered Glass by Stress Marks

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Identifying Tempered Glass by Analyzing Break Pattern

1、Basis of Analysis 

Tempered glass fractures into bite-sized pieces with no sharp edges. Hence, you may determine whether glass is tempered by the break pattern.

2、Process of Analysis 

Take a piece of glass and hit it at any section with a sharp object.  Observe the fracture pattern of the glass.  If they break into bite-sized particles with not sharp edges, the glass is tempered. 

3、Applicability and Limitations

(1)Applicability: Fragment test is easy to carry out.  The result is clear and easy to observe. In practice, fragment method is only used for sampling inspection.

(2)Limitations: Fragment method is a destructive test.  Once the glass is damaged, replacement costs a lot of work. Moreover, in an actual construction project, it is not practical to conduct a destructive test after the acquisition or installation is completed.

Identifying Tempered Glass by Analyzing Break Pattern

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How to Polish Tempered Glass

Tempered glass can become cloudy or scratched and may need to be polished. It’s something that’s easy to do and doesn’t require any special equipment. In fact, you should generally steer clear of special equipment for this job. It doesn’t take that long and your glass will look a great deal better once you’ve finished the job.

Step 1 - What Not to Use

Before you begin to polish tempered glass, it’s important to know what not to use on the glass. Never try to clean tempered glass with a buffer (and definitely not a sander) because there’s a very big risk that the glass will shatter. Nor should you use scouring pads which can be very abrasive on tempered glass. Although vinegar is often used to clean glass, it’s not suitable for use on tempered glass since it can also prove to be abrasive.

You can use a commercial glass cleaner on tempered glass without any problems but it won’t give as deep a shine to the glass as other methods. It’s very useful for maintenance cleaning but not for anything intensive such as a spring clean.

Step 2 - Cleaning

To clean the glass more effectively, mix water and dish soap into a spray bottle. Under normal circumstances, the mixture doesn’t need to be too strong. However, if the glass is dirty, make the mixture more concentrated by adding more dish soap.

Spray the mixture liberally onto the tempered glass and allow it to stand for about 15 minutes. This allows the soap to soak into the grime and loosen it. Once the time has passed, take a damp sponge and begin wiping down the glass. Press reasonably hard to remove the grime and any films of grease which might be on the glass.

Wring the sponge out regularly or use several sponges. Keep going until you’ve cleaned the entire piece of tempered glass. If it’s very dirty, it might require two or more applications of the soap mixture. Again, let it stand on the glass then rub clean.

Step 3 - Polishing

Before the glass has completely dried, take a soft cloth and buff the entire surface of the glass. This will leave a good shine on the surface.

Step 4 - Scratches

Just like other kinds of glass, tempered glass can become scratched and regular polishing won’t eliminate the scratches. For this, you need a glass polishing kit although even this won’t remove deep scratches.

Apply the solution in the kit according to the manufacturer’s instructions. It will relax the glass a little so that when you hand buff it with the buffer provided, the scratch will become a lot less visible even if you don’t get rid of it entirely. Finish by using the soap and water mixture, rubbing it down with a sponge and then polishing it again with a soft cloth until the glass shines.

How to Polish Tempered Glass

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Safety Precautions in Glass Tempering Furnace Operation

A glass tempering furnace is a heavy machine, the failure or breakdown of which will cause huge economic damages to enterprises. All manufacturers want their glass tempering furnace to work steadily and normally. Therefore, operators must keep in mind safety precautions when operating a glass tempering furnace, so that appropriate measures will be taken timely once an emergency occurs. Here are four of the most important safety precautions.

1. The working mode of the glass tempering furnace can’t be switched during processing, or serious default will happen and the glass will be contained in the oven.

2. A new batch of glass can be transported into the oven only after all the glass in the oven has moved out of the oven.

3. A glass tempering furnace must be switched into standby mode when it is to be overhauled, so that safety can be ensured and manual operation can be done.

4. Prioritize safety when overhauling a glass tempering furnace and press the scram button or cut off the power when necessary.

Safety Precautions in Glass Tempering Furnace Operation

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Temperature Control of Glass Tempering Furnace

Temperature control in glass tempering furnaces is the core part in the production process of tempered glass, and exerts an important influence on the quality of the products. Therefore, to get a hang on the temperature control technology is the first and foremost step of successfully controlling the whole production process of tempered glass.

To produce tempered glass with the best quality, temperature in the glass tempering furnace must be controlled accurately. Inappropriate tempering temperature will lead to the product defects. For example, roller scratches and pockmarks may appear on the surface of glass and glass may bend or even break in the quenching section when the temperature is not properly controlled.

In order to successfully control the temperature, much importance should be placed on the following two points. First, glass must be heated to a given temperature quickly. Second, the temperature difference between varied parts of the glass surface must be small enough, namely the glass surface must be heated evenly as much as possible. To meet the above requirements, several heating methods can be combined. The glass tempering furnaces of LandGlass possess brilliant temperature control technology.

Temperature Control of Glass Tempering Furnace

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The Heating Methods of Glass Tempering Furnace

The glass tempering furnaces of LandGlass can mainly be categorized into two groups according to their energy sources. They are gas heating furnaces and electric heating furnaces.

Glass tempering furnaces are used to make tempered glass out of ordinary glass through the process of tempering and quenching. To be tempered, a piece of ordinary glass has to be heated to a certain temperature and then be cooled in a quick way. Then what approaches can be applied in the furnaces to heat glass?

Generally speaking, there are three methods of heating glass in the furnace, namely heat conduction, heat radiation and heat convection. Heat conduction refers to the heat transfer from the ceramic rollers to the lower surface of glass; heat radiation refers to the heating process in which the heat produced by electric heater radiates directly to the surface of glass or the heat produced by electric heater is conducted to the radiant panel first and then the radiant panel radiates heat to the surface of glass; heat convection can be carried out when hot air is blown to the surface of glass by way of compressed air or circulating fans.

Different glass tempering furnaces may use different heating methods due to the varied size, type and purpose of glass.

The Heating Methods of Glass Tempering Furnace

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Bathroom Window Should Be Tempered Glass

Q: I read somewhere that the window in the bathroom is supposed to be safety glass. Is this true? We are replacing our windows this fall and I'm doing as much research as I can.

A: Yes, all glass that is within 60 inches vertically from the tub or shower drain must, according to Indiana Codes, be tempered glass. You can check with your local or state building authority, but it's really a safety issue.

If a person were in a tub where they could slip or lose their balance and their hand or arm hit the glass, a standard plate glass window or door could cut through flesh and bone. On the other hand, tempered glass will break under stress, but the glass shatters into tiny pieces like the windshield of a car.

I remember back in the late 1970s a company I owned had to sell all the standard glass shower doors we had in stock and replace them with either plastic doors or tempered glass doors. This means the code has been with us for a long time and the oldest code book I own that refers to tempered glass is a 1975 edition of the "One and Two Family Dwelling Code." While replacing your windows, you should also check your home for larger panes of glass that a person could accidentally fall against or the glass could be hit by a door or other object. These are considered "hazardous locations" requiring tempered glass. I found a few more locations while researching the 2003 edition of the "International Residential Code."

A window must be tempered glass if all of the following criteria are met: more than nine square feet in one single piece of glass that is 18 inches or less from the floor and the top of the glass is greater than 36 inches above the floor and has a 36-inch walkway on either side of the glass. Hazardous locations include entry and exit doors, sidelights within 24 inches of the door, storm doors, sliding doors, unframed swinging doors, French doors, tub and shower doors, glass enclosures for a pool, whirlpools, saunas, hot tubs, mirrored glass in a swinging or bi-fold closet door and windows next to a stair or landing. There are more unusual areas needing tempered glass, so it pays to do the research. Tempered glass can be determined by a permanent mark that is placed in the glazing by the manufacturer by acid etching, sandblasting, ceramic-fired, embossed mark, or any type of marking that cannot be removed without destroying the product.

Bathroom Window Should Be Tempered Glass

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How to Clean Tempered Glass

 While your tempered glass furniture or decorations may look great and add a great deal of personality to wherever you have chosen to place them, they will not look as attractive if they are dirty. Unfortunately, if you have tempered glass for long enough, this is inevitable. Before you clean your tempered glass, you should learn the proper cleaning techniques for this unique material. If you do not, you may accidentally damage it—defeating the purpose of cleaning it in the first place. What follows should give you all that you need to know to clean it safely and effectively.

Step 1 - Preparing the Materials

To begin, you will need to make a cleaning mixture to use on your tempered glass. The best ingredients are ordinary dish soap and water. Mix the soap and water in equal amounts, then pour the mixture into your spray bottle and seal it shut. Mix the soap and water together thoroughly by shaking the spray bottle. When you are done, bring it and the rest of your supplies over to your tempered glass and get ready to begin.

Step 2 - Washing the Glass

Tempered glass is actually very easy to clean, but it is also very easy to damage. Any small particles dragged over tempered glass repeatedly will scratch it, as will any rough surface rubbed against it. Because of this, you need to be very careful as to how you wash your tempered glass, and not take any shortcuts. While shortcuts may save you time now, they may ruin your glass for good.

First, spray your tempered glass with the mixture of dish soap and water. Wait 10 seconds, then wipe the glass clean with your soft sponge. Do not use a scouring pad, because it will be too rough to safely use on your tempered glass. Use the soft side of your sponge instead.

Doing this to the entire piece of glass at once can be tricky, so it is best to spray one section at a time, then clean it with your sponge before spraying the next section, rather than trying to clean all of the glass at once.

Step 3 - Dealing with Difficult Spots

It is possible that some areas on your tempered glass are dirtier than others, and will not respond well to ordinary washing. If you wash all of your glass and find that some of it is still dirty, you will have to give it some special attention. However, you must resist the temptation to use harsher methods, as they will damage your glass. Simply spot clean the dirty sections with soap and water again until they are clean.

Step 4 - Drying the Glass

Use a clean, soft cloth to buff the glass dry. A microfiber cloth is a great way to do this, but any ordinary non-abrasive cloth will do the trick. Be very gentle, as it is possible to scratch tempered glass.

If you perform these steps, your tempered glass should look as good as new when you are done.

How to Clean Tempered Glass

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Influence of Heating on the Performance of Flat Tempered Glass

The heating progress is important in the production of flat tempered glass. The metal fixture with free rotation on surfaces of the glass and vertical direction of the glass can help to keep the verticality of the glass.

Fast and homogeneous heating of the glass can achieve the most ideal effect. Heterogeneous heating will lead to stress distribution on surface of the glass and poor tensile stress, which is the main cause of intensity decreasing. Fast heating is the efficient way to avoid softening and deformation of the glass. Temperature of the furnace should be set a little higher than the ideal temperature. Manufacturers can control temperature of the glass by adjusting the time for heating or setting the take-out temperature of glass.

The main reason that leads to bending and deformation of the flat glass is mainly heterogeneous heating and overheating, the improper use of fixture and disproportion of the weight and volume of the fixture are also leading reasons.

Influence of Heating on the Performance of Flat Tempered Glass

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How Is Tempered Glass Made?

Tempered glass is about four times stronger than "ordinary," or annealed, glass. And unlike annealed glass, which can shatter into jagged shards when broken, tempered glass fractures into small, relatively harmless pieces. As a result, tempered glass is used in those environments where human safety is an issue. Applications include side and rear windows in vehicles, entrance doors, shower and tub enclosures, racquetball courts, patio furniture, microwave ovens and skylights.

To prepare glass for the tempering process, it must first be cut to the desired size. (Strength reductions or product failure can occur if any fabrication operations, such as etching or edging, take place after heat treatment.) The glass is then examined for imperfections that could cause breakage at any step during tempering. An abrasive such as sandpaper takes sharp edges off the glass, which is subsequently washed.

Next, the glass begins a heat treatment process in which it travels through a tempering oven, either in a batch or continuous feed. The oven heats the glass to a temperature of more than 600 degrees Celsius. (The industry standard is 620 degrees Celsius.) The glass then undergoes a high-pressure cooling procedure called "quenching." During this process, which lasts just seconds, high-pressure air blasts the surface of the glass from an array of nozzles in varying positions. Quenching cools the outer surfaces of the glass much more quickly than the center. As the center of the glass cools, it tries to pull back from the outer surfaces. As a result, the center remains in tension, and the outer surfaces go into compression, which gives tempered glass its strength.

Glass in tension breaks about five times more easily than it does in compression. Annealed glass will break at 6,000 pounds per square inch (psi). Tempered glass, according to federal specifications, must have a surface compression of 10,000 psi or more; it generally breaks at approximately 24,000 psi.

Another approach to making tempered glass is chemical tempering, in which various chemicals exchange ions on the surface of the glass in order to create compression. But because this method costs far more than using tempering ovens and quenching, it is not widely used.

How Is Tempered Glass Made?

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What Is Low Iron Float Tempered Glass?

Low iron float glass also named Ultra-clear glass. It is made by matured technical operation norm. It looks just like colorless crystal with higher transmittance.

Compare to common float glass, it is with outstanding characteristics of the high solar lights transmittance, the low reflectance, the low iron, the high mechanical strength and the high flatness, it is the ideal encapsulation material for thin solar modules and thermal collectors.

Low iron float tempered glass is low iron float glass that has been processed through a tempering oven to increase its strength to resist impact, mechanical loads and thermal stress breakage. It is approximately four times stronger than annealed glass of the same thickness and configuration. When it is broken, tempered glass fractures into small fragments that reduce the probability of serious injury as compared to annealed glass.

What is the Spectral Data of 3.2mm Low Iron Float Tempered glass?

Characteristics

It is of higher energy transmittance about 91%

It is expensive compare to clear float glass.

It is highly smooth without patterned which more suitable for thin film solar modules and thermal collectors.
Where to use it?

Front cover glass of thin film photovoltaic technology, including amorphous silicon (aSi), cadmium telluride (CdTe) and copper indium diselenide (CIS).

Front cover glass of thermal collectors.

What Is Low Iron Float Tempered Glass?

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Vesuvius introduces new rolls used in glass tempering furnace

Vesuvius is a world’s renowned glass tempering roll manufacturer in France.  In 2008, it pioneered the all mechanical endcap, using no glue or resins to connect the ceramic to the endcaps. The product, also known as Smartly Driven endcaps, can withstand the high temperatures required to produce tempered, low-e glass.  

Recently, Vesuvius launched the latest glass tempering rolls - Smartly Driven Plus Rolls. The product brings greater accuracy, tighter tolerances, and is much stronger and lighter than the existing products.  

LandGlass has been maintaining a great collaborative relationship with Vesuvius. It is expected that the LandGlass’ glass tempering furnace equipped with the latest Vesuvius ceramic rollers will further improve the performance and benefit customers in the near future.

Vesuvius introduces new rolls used in glass tempering furnace

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North American tempered glass market is expected to expand by 5.5%

Rising environmental concerns regarding waste management along with recyclability of glass promoting its use in construction and automotive industries will promote North America flat glass market growth. The product is manufactured in flat form without any methodology used in the production process. Growing green building concept along with increased product usage in cabinet closure, furniture, solar cells and table tops will enhance product demand.

Flourishing construction industry owing to increasing investments and rising construction & renovation expenditure is likely to drive North America flat glass market. Increased product usage in automotive windshields, side and rear windows for aesthetic look and appearance along with effective insulation for pleasurable driving may drive regional industry growth.

LandGlass, as a hi-tech enterprise specialized in the designing, manufacturing of glass tempering furnaces, its Jet convection glass tempering machine has been always providing high-end tempered glass for its customers all around the world. North America is a significant market for LandGlass and LandGlass will continue to work hard to meet all the requirements of its customer there. 

North American tempered glass market is expected to expand by 5.5%

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Vesuvius introduces new rolls used in glass tempering furnace

esuvius is a world’s renowned glass tempering roll manufacturer in France.  In 2008, it pioneered the all mechanical endcap, using no glue or resins to connect the ceramic to the endcaps. The product, also known as Smartly Driven endcaps, can withstand the high temperatures required to produce tempered, low-e glass.  

Recently, Vesuvius launched the latest glass tempering rolls - Smartly Driven Plus Rolls. The product brings greater accuracy, tighter tolerances, and is much stronger and lighter than the existing products.  

LandGlass has been maintaining a great collaborative relationship with Vesuvius. It is expected that the LandGlass’ glass tempering furnace equipped with the latest Vesuvius ceramic rollers will further improve the performance and benefit customers in the near future.

Vesuvius introduces new rolls used in glass tempering furnace

https://www.landvac.net/hyshow.php?cid=73&id=239